Mechanical Anchor Strength in Stone Masonry


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Six unique failure modes were identified during the study. They included (clockwise from upper left) cube splitting, bolt failure, large cone failure and face delamination. Two other failure modes not pictured were 1) the bolt slipping out and 2) a small cone failure which was a combination of a bolt partially slipping and then failing in a smaller cone.

The only failure modes we expected to see were the large cone failure, when the base material strength governed and bolt failure, when the bolt material strength governed the installation failure. The varied failure modes made the analysis of the data more difficult by adding unexpected variables to the research.